Arguments For and Against Minimum Wage in the US

Arguments For and Against Minimum Wage in the US Patrick Tawadros, Corinne Dexter, Mark Hanna, Yuanwen Dong Mediated Speech Outline Minimum Wage I. Introduction In this country, regardless of views and opinions, the controversial topic of minimum wage has resounding effects on workers, businesses, and consumers alike. We will try to parse out the gory details by debating the pros and cons of: increasing the minimum wage. We have done extensive research, as well as worked our fair share of minimum wage jobs giving us the ability to speak confidently on matters related to minimum wage. Its likely most of you have minimum wage jobs giving you something to relate. If you dont work for minimum wage you are probably still a consumer and thus either through wage increases or cost increases the results of this debate will have an impact in your life. There are strong arguments both for and against raising the minimum wage including The potential to improve health, academics, and reduce crime rates. The potential to lead to a spike in unemployment The potential to reduce poverty levels And finally the potential to lower demand How might just a few dollars do all this? Well lets start with the first: health academics and crime. II. Body Pro Argument 1 (PATRICK TAWADROS): Increasing the minimum wage would have positive health effects, improve academics in the overall sense, and reduce crime rates. Increasing minimum wage sustains a healthy population and lowers mortality. In a study done by Rajiv Bhatia, MD, on the California minimum wage, it was found that a higher minimum wage would ultimately allow workers to have enough to eat, be more likely to exercise, and even prevent premature deaths (Bhatia). In another study conducted by Barhii, he concluded that policies that reduce poverty and raise wages of low-income people can be expected to significantly improve overall health and reduce health inequities (Barhii). To add to the added health benefits, increasing minimum wage would increase school attendance, while simultaneously decreasing high school dropout rates. Teens living in poverty are twice as likely to miss 3 or more days of school per month when compared to teens who do not live in poverty (Bhatia). A higher minimum wage would reduce crime. In a study done by the Executive Office of the Presidents Council of Economic Advisors, it was found that by raising minimum wage to $12 by the year 2020 that there would be a three to five percent crime decrease. This is primarily due to the fact that higher wages provide viable and sustainable employment. (Executive Office of the President) In another study conducted at the University of Virginia, it was found that an increase in wages is associated with a reduction in property-related crimes. (Fernandez) Response to pro argument (con) (YUANWEN): At first glance, the increasing of minimum wage would allow people of lower incomes to live a better life. But increasing minimum wages adds many potential threats to the equilibrium of the free market. The net effect of this interference is not necessarily good. To specify, increasing minimum wage will cause higher unemployment rate, and has no significant links to lowering the crimes.. There is few evidence to show that there is a link between the increasing of minimum wages and decreasing of crime rates. According to a study conducted by Boston College in 2013, crime will increase by 1.9 percentage points among 14-30 year-olds as the minimum wage increases.' (Fuller). Due to the higher unemployment rate caused by the increasing of minimum wage, some of the next generation will not be able to afford the education. In 2009, a study by the American Journal of Economics and Sociology discovered that in Maryland, a 25-percent increase in the real minimum wage was associated with a 0.55 percent increase in the dropout rate for Hispanic students. (Crofton, Anderson, and Rawe). Con argument (YUANWEN): On the contrary, increasing the minimum wage would force business to lay off more employees to save budgets and raise the unemployment rates. Sub point 1: Increasing minimum wage will raise the cost of businesses, lower their employment levels, and cause higher unemployment rate. Raising minimum wage will increase the cost of businesses, forcing businesses to lay off more employees. The Congressional Budget Office predicted a $7.25 to $10.10 minimum wage increase could potentially cost 500,000 jobs. (Congressional Budget Office). Increasing minimum wages will lower the willingness of businesses to hire more employers, due to the rise of the cost. There was a survey conducted of 1,213 businesses and human resources professionals and 38% of the employers who payed minimum wage said they would resort to letting go some employees if it was raised to $10.10. Among them 54% said they would decrease hiring levels (Kast). Statistically, comparing to countries that do not have minimum wage policy, countries with minimum wage policy have higher rate of unemployment. In 2014, Steve H. Hanke, Professor of Applied Economics at Johns Hopkins University, conducted a survey of the 21 European Union countries that had a minimum wage and discovered they had an average unemployment rate of about 11.8%, which was a third higher than the 7.9% average in the remaining EU countries with no minimum wage (Hanke). Sub point 2: Increasing minimum wage will put lower-skilled worker at a disadvantage, since the rise of wage exposes those lower-skilled to the same competition with those more skilled. Raising minimum wage will put lower-skilled workers at disadvantages. From an employers point of view, people of lower skills do not justify the rise of minimum wages, but they have no choice but to join the competition with the more skilled, if minimum wages are increased. James Dorn stated that a minimum wage increase by 10% leads to a 1-3% decrease in employment of low-skilled workers in the short term, and to a larger decrease in the long run (Dorn). Increasing minimum wages puts lower-skilled workers at a disadvantages by forcing them to be exposed to the same competition with people who are more skilled. George Reisman stated that if the minimum wage was increased to $10.10, jobs that presently pay $7.25 had to pay $10.10, than workers who previously would not have considered those jobs because of their ability to earn $8, $9, or $10 per hour, will now consider them. The effect is to expose the workers whose skills do not exceed a level corresponding to $7.25 per hour to the competition of better educated, more skilled workers presently able to earn wage rates ranging from just above $7.25 to just below $10.10.' (Reisman). Response to con argument (CORINNE): Despite the claim of a rise in unemployment, studies on past minimum wage hikes have shown little effect on unemployment in both federal mandated and state mandated hikes. Sub point 1: A case study of the fast food industry which compared two states, New Jersey and Pennsylvania after New Jersey increased the minimum wage, and Pennsylvania did not, showed that there is no evidence that the rise in New Jerseys minimum wage reduced employment at fast-food restaurants in the state' (Card, Krueger). The department of labor statistics further contends that in 65 years of federal minimum wage hikes, unemployment rates in the past have generally gone down, or stayed the same after increases in the minimum wage with only one exception in the 70s and that unemployment spike is linked to other causes such as recession and an energy crisis (Real Minimum Wage). History shows that it safe to assume that if anything a higher minimum wage will put more money in peoples pockets to be used for discretionary spending which will stimulate the market or keep it the same, but not increase unemployment. Pro argument (CORINNE): What, hoever, minimum wage increases always do, is reduce poverty and in turn reduce government spending. Sub point 1: Currently, the minimum wage is not enough to live on. The economic policy institute using government sources found that the average cost of living in the U.S., excluding discretionary spending is roughly $50,000 more than what a minimum-wage worker earns (Cooper). As a result many people are either barely making it by, or are below the poverty line entirely and relying on government assistance to do so. In the 2014 Congressional Budget Office report, it showed that increasing the minimum wage to $9 would lift 300,000 people out of poverty, while raising it to $10.10 would bring 900,000 people out of poverty (Congressional Budget Office). Accounting for inflation minimum wage should actually be even higher at $10.52 or more depending on where someone lives implying that poverty rates could shrink even lower with a more aggressive raise (Cooper). Sub point 2: By helping families survive off the the diligent work that they do we are also helping the taxpayer burden. It was reported in 2014 by The Center for American Progress that by raising the minimum wage to $10.10, SNAP spending would decline by $4.6 billion (West, Reich). Likewise The Economic Policy Institute found out that by making the minimum wage to be $10.10, at least 1.7 million Americans would not depend on government assistance programs (Cooper). The wage increase would save $7.6 billion on annual government spending for income-support programs (Cooper). This money could either go back into the pockets of the everyday person or be used for other beneficial programs. Response to pro argument (MARK HANNA): Unfortunately a decrease in government spending for income support programs could lead to unintended negative sideeffects down the road for the poor and unemployed. People who have then been laid off would suffer from reductions in benefits because of congressional budget cuts to programs such as the supplemental nutrition assistance program (SNAP, formerly called food stamps), temporary assistance for needy families (TANF), the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), child-care subsidies, housing vouchers, and Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) due to the benefit rates fading as income rises (Sherk, 2013). Those people still employed would be able to afford more so the need for these programs would diminish and as more people will have to use those defunded programs as unemployment increases, poverty will rise as the budget will not be able to support them (Sherk, 2013). The standard of living will also increase as minimum wage increases. In a study conducted by Purdue Universitys School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, they found that increasing wages to $22 an hour raises consumer prices by 25% (McClure, 2015). Con argument (MARK HANNA): Thus, raising the minimum wage would actually lower demand for market development and products as a result of higher prices, resulting in negative long term outcomes for families and the economy. Studies show that if the minimum wage was to increase from $7.25 an hour to $10.10 an hour, the demand for workers would decrease and many people would get laid off. Meanwhile, those who were not laid off pay 15% more on payroll and income taxes for each additional dollar that is added to the minimum wage (Sherk, 2013). This decrease in demand will have unavoidable negative consequences for unskilled workers and their families in the long run in the form of less opportunity for employment and skill acquisition. Chaplin, Mark, and Andreas (2003) found through a study they conducted that increasing the minimum wage would lower the continuation rate for grades 9-12 in states with dropout ages under 18. Raising the minimum wage will cause demand to fall for what James and Mary Kau (1973) call industrial incentive, which is described as the incentive for industry to progress itself forward. This fall in incentive was documented in a study conducted by Van Sickle (1946), where he found that the south was booming with industrialization for a few decades then plummeted after the Fair Labor Standards Act was passed. The rising costs created by low demand for work would also impede competition, as the cost of production of goods from the south to the north would increase (Kau Kau, 1973). Response to con argument (PATRICK TAWADROS): Long term effects of the minimum wage being increased do not affect educational opportunities for teen workers and do not hurt demand for consumer goods. In an journal article by Warren and Hamrock (2010), they describe how the effects of a minimum wage increase would not impact teen workers who were not already doing poorly academically as others say it may. They claim it would only impact those who would have had a history of failure; who are not engaged in meaningful extracurricular, social or athletic activities in school; and, perhaps most importantly, who are in a position to meaningfully increase their levels of labor market participation (Warren Hamrock, 2010). They continue to state that if the raise would impact a certain educational subset, it would be those students who are competing with adults for jobs and/or who would be dropouts either way (Warren Hamrock, 2010). Minimum wage increases do not impact market development as innovation has always been outrunning minimum wage increases. This is shown in an article published by The Economist (2015), stating that in most developed countries minimum wages rise with income levels, but in America that is not the case, as one would think that in a country with a GDP of $53,000 per person, the minimum wage should be at least $12 an hour, but it is not. Therefore, because it has not kept up with income rises, it cannot be safely said that raising the minimum wage kills innovation. Thus far, what have we learned from our discussion? Lets recap. III. Conclusion: Ultimately, increasing minimum wage could reduce poverty, hence, improving health, academic performance, and decreasing crime rates. However, on the other hand, increasing minimum wage could pressure business to lay off employees and could decrease demand for labor and products. Regardless of perspective, the controversial and divisive topic of minimum wage is a far reaching issue in the United States of America and so it is important to weigh all sides equally to come to a balanced conclusion. Works Cited Patricks Pro Argument Sources Executive Office of the President, Council of Economic Advisors, Economic Perspectives on Incarceration and the Criminal Justice System, whitehouse.gov, Apr. 2016 Fernandez, J., Holman, T., Pepper, J. V. (2014). The Impact of Livingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Wage Ordinances on Urban Crime. Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, 53(3), 478-500. Rajiv Bhatia, Health Impacts of Raising Californias Minimum Wage, Human Impact Partners website, May 2014 Bay Area Regional Health Inequities Initiative (BARHII) The Minimum Wage and Health: A Bay Area Analysis, barhii.org, Oct. 2014 Warren, J., Hamrock, C. (2010). The Effect of Minimum Wage Rates on High School Completion. Social Forces, 88(3), 1379-1392. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org.proxy.libraries.rutgers.edu/stable/40645895 The Economist. (2015, May 20). Pay dirt. Retrieved from http://www.economist.com/blogs/graphicdetail/2015/05/minimum-wages Corinnes Pro Sources: Card, D., Krueger, A. B. (2000). Minimum Wages and Employment: A Case Study of the Fast-Food Industry in New Jersey and Pennsylvania: Reply. American Economic Review,90(5), 1397-1420. doi:10.1257/aer.90.5.1397 Cooper, David. Raising the Federal Minimum Wage to $10.10 Would Save Safety Net Programs Billions and Help Ensure Businesses Are Doing Their Fair Share. Issue brief no. 387. New York: Economic Policy Institute, 2014. Print. Real Minimum Wage Rate vs Unemployment Rates January 1950 to January 2013 [Chart]. (2013.). In Bureau of Labor Statistics . Reich, Michael, and Rachel West. The Effects of Minimum Wages on Food Stamp Enrollment and Expenditures. Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society 54.4 (2015): 668-94. Web. The Effects of Minimum-Wage Increase on Employment and Family Income. Rep. no. 4856. N.p.: Congressional Budget Office, 2014. Print. Yuanwens Con Sources: Congressional Budget Office, The Effects of Minimum-Wage Increase on Employment and Family Income, cbo.gov, Feb. 2014 Kast, S., New Express Employment Professionals Survey of Employers Shows 38% of Those Who Pay Minimum Wage Will Lay Off Workers If Wage Is Hiked, prweb.com, Mar. 19, 2014 Hanke, S.H., Let the Data Speak: The Truth Behind Minimum Wage Laws, Cato Institute website, Apr. 2014 Dorn, J., The Minimum Wage Delusion, and the Death of Common Sense, Forbes, May 7, 2013 Reisman, G., How Minimum Wage Laws Increase Poverty, Mises Institute website, Apr. 4, 2014 Crofton, S.O., Anderson, W.L., Rawe, E.C., Do Higher Real Minimum Wages Lead to More High School Dropouts? Evidence from Maryland across Races, 1993-2004, American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Apr. 2009 Fuller, D., Multilevel Study Finds No Link Between Minimum Wage and Crime Rates, uc.edu, Nov 18, 2013 Marks Con Sources Sherk, J. (2013, June 25). What is Minimum Wage: Its History and Effects on the Economy. Retrieved from http://www2.heritage.org/research/testimony/2013/06/what-is-minimum-wage-its-history-and-effects-on-the-economy Chaplin, D. D., Turner, M. D., Pape, A. D. (2003). Minimum wages and school enrollment of teenagers: a look at the 1990s. Economics of Education Review, 22(1), 11-21. Van Sickle, John, Geographical Aspects of a Minimum Wage, Harvard Business Review, XXIV (Spring 1946), 288. Kau, J., Mary L. Kau. (1973). Social Policy Implications of the Minimum Wage Law. Policy Sciences, 4(1), 21-27. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org.proxy.libraries.rutgers.edu/stable/4531512 McClure, G. (2015, July 27). Study: Raising wages to $15 an hour for limited-service restaurant employees would raise prices 4.3 percent. Retrieved from http://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/releases/2015/Q3/study-raising-wages-to-15-an-hour-for-limited-service-restaurant-employees-would-raise-prices-4.3-percent.html

Discriminatory Practice in Health and Social Care Essay

Unfortunately bullying is becoming more and more common amongst children, workmates, elderly and people with disabilities. There are three different types of bullying these are verbal bullying, social bullying and physical bullying. Verbal bullying is when you write or say bad things on people for example teasing or threatening. Social bullying is when you hurt someone’s feelings for example embarrassing someone publicly and leaving someone behind but on purpose. The last one physical bullying is when you hurt someone’s body such as hitting and pushing. So basically bullying is when someone use force, threat and intimidation on someone to dominate that person. An example of bullying is a careworker is using verbal bullying on a disabled person she keeps saying that he has no good to society, he’s waste of space etc. Abuse: Many people abuse others to maintain and gain power on other people so they can control them, often these people find the vulnerable so they will be afraid of them and will not report or talk to someone else. Abuse varies a lot some example of these are sexual abuse, physical abuse, neglect, financial abuse, verbal, emotional etc. Sexual abuse is when someone takes action and forces someone to do something sexually although they still don’t want to. Physical abuse is when you use physical force with the aim to hurt someone. Neglect is when your basic needs are not being given such as food, medicines, clean clothes and many more. The last one is emotional abuse this is a non-physical behavior words only are being used such as insulting and treats. For example a careworker who is catholic there is an elderly who is muslim who unfortunately he cannot speak so she neglected him she doesn’t give him clean clothes, sometimes she even doesn’t give the patient to eat etc because she knows he cannot saying anything. Prejudice: Prejudice is unsupported which usually it is a negative attitude to other people this may include bad feeling, stereotyped beliefs and it can also lead to discrimination. Basically it is prejudgments which usually they are negative about members of a society. There are many types of prejudice some of them are racism, sexism, classicism, nationalism, homophobia, agism and religious. So in a few words prejudice is when you form an opinion on someone before becoming aware of the important fact of the person based on their race, sexism, age, disability, religion and many more. An example of prejudice there is a patient in this home which he is a disabled person, he’s family doesn’t come visiting him and he doesn’t have many clothes so the careworker doesn’t value him like the others because he’s less than them because he looks poor. P3: Describe at least FOUR potential effects of discriminatory practices mentioned in Task 1 on the service users residing in this care home. When someone is being discriminated this will probably lead to many problems such as the person can be marginalization, having low self-esteem, disempowerment, restricted opportunities and many more. Marginalization: Marginalization is a process of a person or sometimes even whole communities that can be denied access to various rights, resources and opportunities  that normally are given to other people. Someone who is being marginalized, is being excluded from participating and belonging. Social exclusion often is based on an individual education status, social class, living standards, race, homelessness and even child hood relationships. This discrimination can occur with anyone such as people with disability, drug users, young people, adults, elderly. For example in this home we have two particular individuals who uses a wheelchair, once in a month a bingo is organized unfortunately the door to this hall is to thin and a wheelchair cannot pass, so these people cannot go. The careworkers knows that they can organized it in other rooms where a wheelchair can pass but they won’t because there is more light in this room. Disempowerment: Disempowerment is when a person or even sometimes a whole group is being discriminated against by other persons so this will lead for a person to feel disempowered. Some people that will be discriminated will have the courage to fight back and many times they will success at the other hand there will be individuals who will not fight against discrimination. So in a few words disempowerment is to make someone feel lower than you, everyone can be disempowered from young children to elderly so you need to fight it. As a result of disempowerment negatives emotions might occur such as becoming more depressed, self-obsessed, withdrawn, excluded, helpless, outsider, low self-worth and many more. An example of disempowerment is when an elderly is being told that she is not useful to society anymore by her carer this is making the patient feel useless, excluded and many more so the patient is being disempowerment. Low self-esteem: Low self-esteem is someone’s overall emotional and how they value themselves, it is an evaluation for her or his own worth. Self-esteem is a judgement on yourself in this case low self-esteem is when someone feels that s/he is not worth nothing they feel useless to society. Unfortunately a person could never had low self-esteem but s/he is being bullied from someone else’s and s/he starts feeling useless if it is not treated immediately this can lead to low self-esteem. Low self-esteem can leads to problem in relationships, bad choices on work and in life, low self-esteem doesn’t let you to choose the right decisions you need to make. For example in this house there is a  particular elderly who before he entered this house he didn’t have low self-esteem now he is being bullied by his carer he slaps him if he doesn’t want to eat any more resulting to this he now have low self-esteem that he doesn’t want to talk to anyone about it. Negative behavior: Negative behavior can happen to anyone it can be naturally the way how you respond to things is negative but others can occur negative behavior on previous experiences such as bullying. Many times when a person is being discriminated s/he becomes frustrated because of the unfair treatment that is been given to the individual. In health and social care we have to recognize a person and even respect everyone choices and identities. For a person who is being discriminated, to reduce the feeling of powerlessness many times this grief is expressed in aggression or sometimes even criminality. An example in our home a particular patient a disabled person as he arrived he was calm and happy unfortunately now he is so angry he keeps pushing things, yelling and saying bad things to people. After some time we saw from where this was coming a particular care worker used to bully him saying bad things about him, stealing his things and slapping him. M1: Assess the effects on those using the service of three different discriminatory practices in health and social care. First case is about prejudice about two older gay people, although last July the law became same sex can marry there are still people who cannot understand this. In this case these two gay people had gone through so much some of them were they faced themselves with carers praying for them because they were gay even some careres didn’t want to wash them or feed or care them because of their sexuality. At the end these two people felt disgraceful they didn’t know what else they’ve should done so someone will understand them so at the end they went to a new home separately so they won’t be more prejudiced. In this case the victim who are being discriminated are two old gay men, they were discriminated by their carers. The main base that they were being discriminated was because of their sexuality. Prejudice is when someone form an opinion about someone but before even knowing the relevant facts of the patient many times these are judged on age, disability, sexuality, race, language and more. The effect of this discrimination made the two people who  were being prejudiced awful they felt that they were doing something wrong they didn’t know what else they can do, so these old gay man decided they cannot be more prejudiced for both their safety and health they decided to separate ways and try living a normal life as society want them to be. The second case is about neglect a hospital who received suspended sentence when receiving suspended sentence for neglecting and abusing of patients. These patients most of them pensioners were left starving or in agony because nurses claim they are too busy to help. Some of examples of neglect to the patients were nurses taking minutes to respond the emergency buzzer, patients who were told by the nurse to soil his clothes because s /he was too busy to take the patient. A patient left without pillows or blankets, a patient that dropped hot soup on herself and left there without any help and many more. At the end the hospital had to pay a big fine and these nurses and carers were fired. In this case the victim are the patients in the hospital, they were neglected and abused by some of the nurses and carers. They were mostly discriminated on their age and race, neglect is a form of abuse where there is someone supposed to be responsible for the individual because s/he cannot take care of himself but this is not performed. For example the patient as indicated in the case no clean clothes were given, left starving etc so basically neglect is when a person’s basic needs are not given. The discriminatory practice that was on these patients was neglect and abuse the effect that was left on the patients they were scared to talk, they weren’t happy at the end although these staff were fired still the patients couldn’t feel safe in that hospital anymore. The last case who is still going on is about bullying, this case happened in Saint Catherine hospital a hospital which treat vulnerable adults with disabilities such as autism, dementia, learning difficu lties and many more. These adults were bullied by three health workers they punched, slapped, threatened and even sometimes they used to drag the patient by their hair and thrown into a ball pool. Most of the patients cannot speak and other staff members were too scared to report this abuse. They used to lock someone in a cupboard and stopped the patient from getting out by putting another patient with a wheelchair against the cupboard also they used to throw pillows to a patient that had learning difficulties. After a staff member had the courage to report, the case is now being processed. In this case the victims are  disabled patients with most of them with learning difficulties in a hospital where they were supposed to be given treatment. They were bullied by three staff these were care assistants Ms.S.Murphy, Ms.J.Burge and a physiotherapist Mr.M.Barnard. They were mostly discriminated about their disability and they knew that they couldn’t talk. The type of discriminatory in this case is bullying is when someone threat, use force or abuse others to feel more dominate. The effects of bullying on these patients made them feel more and more powerless and that they cannot let anyone near them because they are going to hurt them. I would like to see justice with these people and get what they deserve. References: Answers.com, (2015). What is disempowerment in health and social care. [online] Available at: http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_disempowerment_in_health_and_social_care [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Ask.com, (2015). What does overt discrimination mean? | Ask.com. [online] Available at: http://www.ask.com/world-view/overt-discrimination-mean-75fe5216daacda68 [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. BusinessDictionary.com, (2015). What is marginalization? definition and meaning. [online] Available at: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/marginalization.html [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Changesuk.net, (2015). How it feels to be disempowered – Changes | Changes. [online] Available at: http://changesuk.net/2013/05/29/how-it-feels-to-be-disempowered/ [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Cherry, K. (2015). What Is the Psychology Behind People’s Prejudices?. [online] About.com Education. Available at: http://psychology.about.com/od/pindex/g/prejudice.htm [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Encyclopedia.com, (2015). M arginalization Facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Marginalization. [online] Available at: http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Marginalization.aspx [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. health, O. (2007). Overt and subtle racial discrimination and mental health. [online] News-Medical.net. Available at: http://www.news-medical.net/news/2007/06/01/25896.aspx [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Helpguide.org, (2015). Child Abuse & Neglect: Recognizing, Preventing, & Reporting Child Abuse. [online] Available at: http://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/child-abuse-and-neglect.htm [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. http://www.apa.org, (2015). Bullying. [online] Available at: http://www.apa.org/topics/bullying/ [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Journals.rcni.com, (2015). [online] Available at: http://journals.rcni.com/doi/pdfplus/10.7748/nop2001.07.13.5.18.c2183 [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Leadership Freak, (2013). Overcoming the Disempowerment of HR. [online] Available at: https://leadershipfreak.wordpress.com/2013/06/25/overcoming-the-disempowerment-of-hr/ [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Slideshare.net, (2008). EMPOWERMENT POWERPOINT. [online] Available at: http://www.slideshare.net/readysetpresent/empowerment-powerpoint-content-presentation?next_slideshow=1 [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Stopbullying.gov, (2015). Bullying Definiti on | StopBullying.gov. [online] Available at: http://www.stopbullying.gov/what-is-bullying/definition/index.html [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Taormina-Weiss, W. and Disabilities, T. (2015). The Costs of Marginalizing People with Disabilities. [online] Disabled World. Available at: http://www.disabled-world.com/editorials/marginalizing.php [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. the Guardian, (2013). Winterbourne View: have lessons been learned?. [online] Available at: http://www.theguardian.com/social-care-network/2013/oct/10/winterbourne-view-bbc-panorama [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Wikipedia, (2015). Bullying. [online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullying [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Wikipedia, (2015). Prejudice. [online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prejudice [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Wikipedia, (2015). Self-esteem. [online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-esteem [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Wordnik.com, (2015). Wordnik. [online] Available at: https://www.wordnik.co m/words/disempowerment [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. www.loveisrespect.org, (2015). What is Sexual Abuse?. [online] Available at: http://www.loveisrespect.org/is-this-abuse/types-of-abuse/what-is-sexual-abuse [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Marsden, S. (2013). NHS staff ‘threw cushions at disabled patient as target practice’. [online] Telegraph.co.uk. Available

Financial Ratios Analysis and Comparison Paper - 1478 Words

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Animal Abuse Essay - 455 Words

Animal Abuse Animals are sometimes treated as friends but are also treated as enemies. We keep them as pets, but if it suits us, we slaughter them in their own habitats and in slaughterhouses. If we could kill them in a quick and pain-free way, like a special injection, which is not harmful to us, it would be a lot nicer to the animals being killed. However, the scenes in slaughterhouses are ones of bullying and torture. The people hurt the animals in the most horrific ways possible, for example, slitting their throats while they are still alive and dropping them from great heights to break their legs and necks and other bones. These are just two of the many ways of slaughter that are used today. Meat is needed for a good†¦show more content†¦Angling might be the only exception to this because without angling, the rivers would be over populated with fish (who have a very small memory span anyway). It could disrupt the food chain. Hunting wild animals and reptiles is not necessary. The food chain would be just fine if we stopped wild animal hunting, for example, fox hunting, wild cat hunting, elephant hunting, crocodile hunting and whale hunting. We should not kill animals for fur. Thousands of years ago, our ancestors wore animal skins and furs to keep warm and dry. Today we have man made fibres to make such garments. We can also buy man made clothes that look and feel just like real fur, if not more comfortable. There is no need for us to kill these poor innocent creatures for status symbols. It takes many more than five lynx’s to make one small fur coat. It is disgusting. How would you like it if some bigger stronger creature than yourself killed you for your hair or your bones so they can make clothes out of your hair and food delicacies out of your bones? It should be made illegal. We should also stop testing cosmetics on animals like rabbits and rodents. We need to test important medicines and drugs on animals because otherwise, the effects on us could be very harmful. I say this because new drugs for epilepsy were tested on my uncle, without his consent, and now he is mentally ill. He cannot walk very well. He cannot read or write very well. He has to live in a home forShow MoreRelatedAnimal Abuse2069 Words   |  9 PagesMurray March 31 2015 Animal Cruelty and Abuse Animal abuse is said to be an under reported abuse stated by The Humane Society, it is also seen as a disturbing abuse. The rate in which animal abuse is going is only making it terrifying. The statistics of animal abuse are rising more and more with each year that comes. Although humans see it as something unfathomable, animal abuse occurs every day. Animal abuse is when physical pain, scarring, or death is brought upon an animal for no reason or showingRead MoreAnimal Abuse And Animal Neglect1936 Words   |  8 PagesWhen one discusses the topic of animal abuse, normally domestics such as cats and dogs come to one’s mind. However, farm animals and livestock also suffer from animal abuse and neglect. In many rural places of southeast Ohio, cases of animal neglect go unseen or ignored. Cows, pigs, chickens, and other stock animals do not receive proper food, water, and vet care. However, the community can change the lives of these animals for the better if they implement change. Education and awareness needRead MoreAnimal Abuse966 Words   |  4 Pages Animal Abuse Unfortunately today there are many cases of animal abuse happening around the world. Animal cruelty or animal abuse can be defined as the infliction of suffering or harm upon animals for purposes other than self-defense. There are many different types of abuse such as using animals for research, using animals for entertainment purposes, abandoning animals to shelters, and animal neglect. We need to raise awareness and find a solution to these issues. Animals are suffering and we needRead MoreAnimal Abuse And Human Abuse1167 Words   |  5 Pagessomething about the abuse. If not, abuse is a somatic or physiological form of harm. It also seems that more and more people are getting concerned about animal abuse. Promptly because of that, there are more and more foundations to help rescue animals and nurture them back to health. However, animals around the globe are still not getting rescued and are still getting abused. In order to be fully acquainted about animal abuse, the common type s of animal abuse, and the causes of animal abuse must all be exploredRead MoreAnimal Abuse1473 Words   |  6 Pagesreally love animals? The truth behind animal research and testing Animal research and testing has been a huge controversial topic in the U.S. For many years, lots of organizations like PETA have created movements to eliminate this completely but without very much success. Personally, I can’t find any positives to animal research and testing but the majority of the U.S population does since animals are used in most major companies and research projects performed by doctors. Animal testing shouldRead MoreAnimal Cruelty and Abuse1624 Words   |  7 PagesMost of the animals found on the road were abandoned by their house owners, the bulk of those animals square measure either cats or dogs. with reference to abandoned dogs, those animals while not superintendence reproduce, breeding puppies that are not desired and so, square measure assaulted through the neglect that theyre left to suffer alone within the cruel world of the road. the tough conditions that street animals endure square measure major issues in animal welfare these days. Nearly s eventyRead MoreAnimal Cruelty And Animal Abuse879 Words   |  4 Pages Animal Abuse is when someone hurts an animal or does not care for the animal responsibly. It’s against the law to hard or be cruel to animals. It’s also called animal cruelty. The topic is going to be over is animal abuse. There’s a lot of people against animal abuse. A lot of researchers try to find a way to stop animal abuse. The FBI is conducting an investigation to find out a way to serve justice to those that abuse animals. Animal abuse has been going on for a very long time now and it needRead MoreAnimal Abuse And Human Abuse3124 Words   |  13 Pageshave been abusing animals. So much so, that there are commercials and organizations dedicated to stopping the abuse of animals. It seems like everyday we turn on the news and hear stories of a person burning a kitten or someone shooting a puppy, but why do these people feel the need to do that to these helpless animals? Is there something deeper than just animal abuse? The types of animal abuse these helpless victim faces are similar to the same type of abuse children face. Animals are sexually abusedRead MoreProblem of Animal Abuse1017 Words   |  5 PagesInformation about the topic. Animal abuse. Cruelty to animals, also called animal abuse or animal neglect, is the human infliction of suffering or harm upon non-human animals, for purposes other than self-defense or survival. More narrowly, it can be harm for specific gain, such as killing animals for food or for their fur, although opinions differ with respect to the method of slaughter. Types of animal cruelty. Domestic cruelty: Leave your pet in the outside (suffering from cold, sun and rain)Read MoreAwareness on Animal Abuse939 Words   |  4 PagesIn life, it is normal see a few stray animals around town digging in the trash cans, walking around, or trying not to get hit by cars as they go from one place to the next. On a particular day, there was a dog that stood out from the others to one person. Libby was on her stomach, crawling towards the person in a happy yet fearful manner. The person did not know why until giving the dog an overlooking. What the person found was shocking. Libby had a number tattooed inside her left ear, which confused